Ngokudlondlobala kwezimboni, izimboni zamakhemikhali, ezemithi, zokunyathelisa nokudaya, ukwenza amaphepha nezinye zithuthuka ngokuqhubekayo. Kodwa-ke, inani elikhulu lamakhemikhali nezinto zokusetshenziswa zisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni lezi zimboni, futhi lezi zinto zingase zisabele ngamanzi ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza ukuze zenze amanzi angcolile aqukethe ukugcwala okuphezulu kokungcola. Ngenxa yokugcwala okuphezulu kokungcola emanzini angcolile agxile kakhulu, izindlela zokwelashwa zendabuko zivame ukuba nzima ukuzisusa ngokuphumelelayo, ngakho-ke imishini ekhethekile yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile agxile kakhulu iyadingeka.
Ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile anezinga eliphezulu kudingekile kakhulu ngoba lolu hlobo lwamanzi angcolile luqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto ezinobuthi neziyingozi, ezizodala umonakalo omkhulu endaweni ezungezile uma zikhishwa ngokuqondile endaweni ezungezile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi angcolile okugxilwa kakhulu nawo angaba yingozi empilweni yomuntu futhi angaholela ekuveleni kwezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Izindlela zokwelapha ngokomzimba zihlanganisa amasu afana ne-sedimentation, filtration kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-centrifugal ukuze kukhishwe izinhlayiya ezimisiwe neziqinile emanzini angcolile. Izindlela zokwelapha ngamakhemikhali, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zisebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ukuze kuncishiswe noma kususwe izinto eziyingozi emanzini angcolile, njenge-acid-base neutralization kanye nokunciphisa i-oxidation. Izindlela zokwelapha zebhayoloji zisebenzisa i-metabolism yama-microorganisms ukubola izinto eziphilayo zibe izinto ezingenabungozi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile okugxilile akusizi nje kuphela ukuvikela imvelo, kodwa futhi konga izindleko zamabhizinisi. Ngokuphathwa kahle kwamanzi angcolile, kunganciphisa izindleko zokukhucululwa kwendle ebhizinisini, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubuyise izinsiza eziwusizo emanzini angcolile futhi kuthuthukise izinga lokusebenzisa izinsiza.
Ngamafuphi, imishini yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile enezinga eliphezulu ibaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni imvelo kanye nokuthuthukisa intuthuko esimeme. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kokuqwashisa ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo, lolu hlobo lwemishini luzosetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-27-2024