Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezimboni kanye nokukhula kwamadolobha, amanzi angcolile agcwele kakhulu abe yinkinga ekhulayo yemvelo. Amanzi angcolile anezinga eliphezulu akagcini nje ngokuqukatha inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, izinto ezingaphili, izinsimbi ezisindayo nezinye izinto eziyingozi, kodwa futhi ukugxiliswa kwawo kungaphezu kwamandla okuklama nokwelashwa kwezindawo ezivamile zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile. Ngakho-ke, ukugxila okuphezulu kokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile kanye nokukhishwa okujwayelekile kubaluleke kakhulu.
1. Incazelo kanye nezici zamanzi angcolile agxilile kakhulu Ukugcwala kwamanzi angcolile, ngokuvamile kubhekisela emanzini angcolile aqukethe ukugcwala okuphezulu kwezinto eziphilayo, izinsimbi ezisindayo, izinto ezinobuthi neziyingozi nokunye ukungcola. Okuqukethwe okungcolisayo emanzini angcolile kuwadlula kude amanzi angcolile ajwayelekile, futhi kunzima ukuwaphatha. Ingaqukatha izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezihlukene zokungcola, njengezinto eziphilayo, izinsimbi ezisindayo, izinto ezikhipha imisebe, njll. Okunye ukungcola kungase kube nemiphumela evimbelayo kuma-microorganisms futhi kuthinte umphumela wokwelashwa kwebhayoloji, okunzima ukuwususa ngezindlela zokwelashwa ezivamile ze-biological.
2. Isimo sesizukulwane samanzi angcolile agxilile kakhulu Ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali: amanzi angcolile akhiqizwa inqubo yokukhiqiza amakhemikhali ngokuvamile aqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, izinsimbi ezisindayo nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo. Imboni yezemithi: Amanzi angcolile emithi ngokuvamile aqukethe ukugcwala okuphezulu kwezinto eziphilayo, ama-antibiotics, njll., okunzima ukuwelapha. Imboni yodayi nezindwangu: amanzi angcolile akhiqizwa yilezi zimboni ngokuvamile aqukethe inani elikhulu le-biodegradable organic matter kanye ne-chromaticity. I-Electroplating ne-metallurgy: Amanzi angcolile aqukethe izinsimbi ezisindayo nezinto ezinobuthi akhiqizwa ngesikhathi se-electroplating ne-metallurgy.
3. Ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo bomshini wokuhlanza amanzi angcolile agxilile kakhulu Imishini yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile agxilile kakhulu, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa izindlela ezibonakalayo noma zamakhemikhali ukuze kukhishwe izinhlayiya ezinkulu, izinto ezimisiwe emanzini angcolile, ukudala izimo zokwelashwa okulandelayo. Izophinde isebenzise ubuchwepheshe be-oxidation obuthuthukisiwe obufana ne-Fenton oxidation, i-oxidation ye-ozone, ngokukhiqizwa kwe-oxidant eqinile ukuguqula izinto eziphilayo eziphikisayo zibe izinto ezibola kalula. Sebenzisa isenzo se-metabolic yama-microorganisms ukususa izinto eziphilayo emanzini angcolile. Emanzini angcolile agxile kakhulu, izinqubo ezihlangene ze-anaerobic kanye ne-aerobic zingase zamukelwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe umphumela wokwelapha. Izinto ze-tic emanzini angcolile zingaphinda zisuswe ngezindlela ezibonakalayo ngobuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa ulwelwesi olufana ne-ultrafiltration kanye ne-osmosis ehlehlayo. Ngokusebenzisa imvula yamakhemikhali, ukushintshanisa i-ion, i-adsorption nobunye ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha bensimbi esindayo, obusetshenziselwa ukususa ama-ion ensimbi esindayo emanzini angcolile. Ngakho-ke, emishinini yokuhlanza indle egxilile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi angcolile afinyelela izinga, ukhethe ngokunengqondo inqubo yokwelapha, ulawule ngokuqinile inqubo yokwelapha, uqinise ukuhlanza, ukwandisa imingcele yokusebenza kanye nokutholwa nokuhlola okuvamile. Uma izinkinga zitholakala, thatha izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi ukuze uzilungise.
Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwekhwalithi yamanzi, ukuhlushwa kwamanzi angcolile anezimfuneko eziqinile zemishini. Kudingeka ibe nobuchwepheshe obuhle bomkhiqizo, isipiliyoni sephrojekthi, kanye nomqondo wokulungisa izinyathelo ezimweni zasendaweni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukungcola kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile okugxilile kuyahlangabezana nezinga. I-Jiading ukuvikelwa kwemvelo iyimboni ephezulu embonini yokuhlanza indle iminyaka eyishumi, ezinze esifundazweni saseJiangsu, imisebe yezwe lonke, ebheke phesheya kwezilwandle, inethimba eliqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-12-2024