Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezimboni kanye nokufudukela kwabantu emadolobheni, amanzi angcolile agcwala kakhulu abe yinkinga ekhulayo yemvelo. Amanzi angcolile anezinga eliphezulu akagcini nje ngokuba nenani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, izinto ezingaphili, izinsimbi ezisindayo nezinye izinto eziyingozi, futhi ukugxila kwawo kudlula kude umthamo wokuklama wezindawo zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ezivamile. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile okugxilwe kakhulu nokukhipha kubaluleke kakhulu.
1. Incazelo nezici zamanzi angcolile agxile kakhulu
Ukugcwala okuphezulu kwamanzi angcolile, ngokuvamile kubhekisela emanzini angcolile aqukethe izinto eziningi eziphilayo, izinsimbi ezisindayo, izinto ezinobuthi neziyingozi nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo. Okuqukethwe kwezinto ezingcolisayo emanzini angcolile kukudlula kude lokho okusemanzini angcolile avamile futhi kunzima ukuwelapha. Ingaqukatha izinhlobo eziningi ezihlukene zokungcola, okufana nezinto eziphilayo, izinsimbi ezisindayo, nezinto ezikhipha imisebe. Okunye ukungcola kungase kube nomthelela ovimbelayo kumagciwane, kuthinte umphumela wokwelapha webhayoloji, futhi kunzima ukususwa ngezindlela zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile zebhayoloji.
2. Izimo zokugcwala okuphezulu kokukhiqizwa kwamanzi angcolile
Ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali: Amanzi angcolile akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali ngokuvamile aqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, izinsimbi ezinzima nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo.
Imboni eyenza imithi: Amanzi angcolile emithi ngokuvamile aqukethe izinto eziningi eziphilayo, ama-antibiotics, njll., futhi kunzima ukuwelapha.
Imboni ye-Dyestuff nendwangu: Amanzi angcolile akhiqizwa kulezi zimboni ngokuvamile aqukethe inani elikhulu lobunzima bokwehlisa i-organics kanye ne-chromaticity.
I-Electroplating ne-metallurgy: inqubo ye-electroplating ne-metallurgy izokhiqiza amanzi angcolile aqukethe izinsimbi ezisindayo nezinto ezinobuthi.
3. Ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo besikhungo sokuhlanza indle
Isikhungo sokuhlanza indle, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa izindlela ezibonakalayo noma zamakhemikhali ukususa izinhlayiya ezinkulu emanzini angcolile, izinto eziqinile ezimisiwe, njll., ukudala izimo zokwelashwa okulandelayo. Kuyoba futhi ngokusebenzisa okufana ne-Fenton oxidation, i-ozone oxidation nobunye ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe be-oxidation, ngokukhiqizwa kwama-oxidants aqinile kuzoba nzima ukucekela phansi izinto eziphilayo zibe izinto ezibola kalula. I-metabolism yama-microorganisms isetshenziselwa ukususa izinto eziphilayo emanzini angcolile. Emanzini angcolile agxile kakhulu, inhlanganisela yezinqubo ezifana ne-anaerobic kanye ne-aerobic ingase isetshenziselwe ukuthuthukisa ukwelashwa. Izinto ezincibilikisiwe emanzini angcolile zingase futhi zisuswe ngezindlela ezibonakalayo ngokusebenzisa amasu okuhlukanisa ulwelwesi olufana ne-ultrafiltration kanye ne-osmosis ehlehlayo. Ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha bensimbi esindayo obufana nemvula yamakhemikhali, ukushintshanisa i-ion kanye ne-adsorption kusetshenziswa ukususa ama-ion ensimbi esindayo emanzini angcolile.
Ngakho-ke, ekugxilweni okuphezulu kwesikhungo sokuhlanza indle, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukungcola kuhlangabezana nezinga, ukukhetha okunengqondo kwenqubo yokwelapha, ukulawula okuqinile kwenqubo yokwelapha, ukuqinisa ukwelashwa kwangaphambili, ukwandisa imingcele yokusebenza kanye nokuhlolwa okuvamile kanye ukuhlola kubaluleke kakhulu, uma izinkinga zitholakala, thatha izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi ukuze uzilungise.
Isikhungo sokuhlanza indle ngenxa yesimo esikhethekile sekhwalithi yayo yamanzi, ngoba imishini inezidingo eziqinile zobuchwepheshe, isidingo sokuba nobuchwepheshe obuhle bomkhiqizo, isipiliyoni sephrojekthi, kanye nomqondo wezimo zendawo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinga eliphezulu ukugxilwa kwezinto zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane namazinga alahlwayo. I-Liding Environmental Protection iyifekthri yeminyaka eyishumi embonini yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile, ezinze e-Jiangsu, esakaza ezweni lonke, ibheke phesheya kwezilwandle, enethimba eliqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-06-2024